IV Lawsuit Essay -- Medicine Healthcare Nursing

Most patients who enter the hospital for care have some form of intravenous therapy during their stay, whether it is in the emergency room or on inpatient floors. IV catheters are vital and are the fastest way to administer life saving medications. At times inserting or replacing a peripheral IV catheter can be challenging especially when the patient has poor circulation or poor venous access. In healthcare today Peripheral IV insertion lawsuits are on the rise due to its invasive character and unanticipated outcomes. In a lawsuit by Sheivia Graves against Brookwood Medical Center in Birmingham â€Å"alleges that a difficult and painful IV start performed by a nurse at Brookwood Medical Corner caused permanent Nerve damages.† (Steinriede (2010) Steinriede (2010) found the following: The nurse who started the infusion first tried the left arm, then the left hand and finally the back of the right hand. As soon as the infusion started, Ms. Graves "began experiencing severe pain in her right hand and [it] caused her to start crying," according to court documents. When Ms. Graves complained to the physician who began infusing anesthetics through the IV, he told her "they were already behind and that she would just have to endure it. Just after the GI exam, Ms. Graves looked at her hand and noticed that it was swollen "like a boxing glove,"(Steinriede, 2010) The hospital was able to argue effectively that other factors that the patient was experiencing at the time such as iron deficiency anemia, ulcerative colitis and fact that patient had received blood transfusions could have also cause nerve damage. (Steinriede, 2010) Also documented by the nurse was that the right arm was swollen prior to the peripheral IV insertion and that she ... ...ws, the awards are based on the determination of the percentage of fault of both parties.† (Evan, M. & Aiken, T., 2009, pp 184) Works Cited Evan, M. & Aiken, T., (2009): Nursing Law and Liability. J.T. Catalano (5th ed.) Nursing Now! Today’s Issues Tomorrows Trends .Philadelphia, PA: F.A.Davis Masoorli, S., (2008) Extravasation: Prevention is the Best Treatment. Nursing Spectrum retrieved from http://news.nurse.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2008304080015 Spader, C., (2006, May 8) IV Insertion-Still a Special Skill. Nursing Spectrum retrieved from http://news.nurse.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2006605080330 Steinriede, K., (2010, November 5) Lawsuit: Did a Painful IV Start Cause Nerve Damage? Patient’s hand was swollen like a boxing glove during GI procedure. Outpatient surgery Magazine retrieved from http://www.outpatientsurgery.net/news/2010/11/5

GROWING CALAMITY: AN IN-DEPTH REPORT ON GLOBAL FOOD INSECURITY In The 21st Century Essay

Food prices and the global demand for food have been on the rise in recent years. The catalyst for riots worldwide and food insecurity has caused widespread disturbances in agricultural industries. Food insecurity exists when people do not have adequate physical, social or economic access to food (FAO, United Nations 2009). It is captivating and noteworthy to mention that there is enough food to feed twice the earth’s population yet, food is not being equally distributed. This renders a high percentage of the world’s population poverty-stricken and hungry. Local governments, food rights activists, international trade institutions, and non-governmental organizations are becoming increasingly concerned with food distribution and food sovereignty (Schanbacher, 2010). Neoliberal processes that control  distribution and consumption are dominating policies regarding food production. International trade institution and multinational corporations dominate the entire food chai n, and as a result the global food system has encountered a crisis. The food crisis that persists today is by no means a sudden disaster that has struck the agricultural industry. It is the manifestation of a long-standing crisis in agriculture. Neoliberal global food systems have significantly modified the dynamics of agricultural production and farmers no longer have control over the food they produce and are subjected to volatile markets (Borras, 2009). Data collected by the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization between 2004 and 2006 shows that the number of undernourished people in the world has been steadily increasing for almost two decades. The report showed that there was little or no progress being made towards World Food Summit targets to reduce hunger and that most of the countries were suffering from undernourishment (FAO, United Nations, 2009). While lesser-developed countries do benefit from some aspects of neoliberal globalization, it must be said that the same processes put marginalized societies at risk; impoverished farmers are no exception. These vulnerable farmers endure diminished technological resources and face stiff competition from capital-intensive foreign producers (Friedman, 2005). For decades the food industry’s hegemonic agents have perpetuated liberalized and unsustainable food systems that have resulted in many countries to falling victim to food insecurity. Such a grave and widespread problem warrants an in-depth exploration, to be carried out within this report. Beginning with a probe into the historical and contemporary challenges of food insecurity, this paper contends that structural changes at an international level are necessary to improve global access to sustenance. Case studies and multifaceted conceptualizations of the issue culminate in the identification of viable solutions to eradicat e food insecurity forever. HISTORICAL CONTEXT Although food insecurity is not a new phenomenon, the term was only coined in the mid-1970s, following a food crisis in 1972, which lasted for one year (Fulton, 2012). The magnitude of that crisis caused many to remark it, as the advent of food insecurity itself. Although it is often thought that  food insecurity is a result of food scarcity, Friedmann (1982) explains that food insecurity should be conceptualize as â€Å"a structural turning point† in the globe’s food production and distribution. Friedmann considers this first global food crisis to be the initial breakdown of the world’s food economy; which sustained grain surpluses and depressed prices (1982). Fulton also attempts to draw our attention to the heart of the matter by referring to the paradigm shift within the international food security discourse. Fulton (2012) contends that the analytical focus of the issue changed from food supply management, to the assessment of people’s ability to saf ely and consistently access food in a timely manner. In retrospect, the invention of new seed technologies, investments in rural agriculture, modern fertilizers and irrigation, caused many to be surprised by the catastrophe (Timmer, 2010). A variety of complex events, such as the oil crisis, rendered developing nations vulnerable and triggered the 1972 food crises (Friedmann, 1993). While some scholars regard oil’s radical price increases as the key catalyst to the food crisis, others interpret it differently (Fulton, 2012). Timmer for example, suggests that the high food prices led to soaring crude oil prices and that environmental catalysts were at the core of the 1972 food crisis (2010). Timmer goes on to explain that during the dry season in 1972 a severe drought, caused by El Nino, caused rice crops in Indonesia, Thailand and, the Philippines to be drastically reduced (Timmer, 2010). Soon after, domestic prices and demand for rice skyrocketed. To meet domestic demand Tha iland, the world’s leading rice exporter, banned rice export in April 1973. What followed was a nine months standstill in world rice markets. Countries were left to depend on rice imports to fulfill domestic demand for food. Residual effects of El Nino spread far across the globe and had devastating ramifications. In 1972 the world’s grain production decreased by 16 million metric tons (mmt), rice production dropped by14mmt and, wheat production diminished by 8mmt. Cumulatively, the total shortfall in world grain supply amounted to approximately 70 tons and represented an 8% reduction in global food supply. As a result of the shortage of food grains, prices rose. As a means of guranteeing their domestic food supply, oil-rich food-importing nation-states, reacted with an oil embargo against the United States and the former Soviet Union. Following the increase in oil prices, fertilizer  prices also went up. The international community responded to the crisis and the countries in dire straits, by formulating what Friedmann terms a â€Å"temporary, elegant and dangerous† solution (1993). The solution was to offer lavished transnational bank loans, financed by oil-rich nations (Friedmann, 1993). The global food crisis originated due to severe weather conditions that were exacerbated by financial turmoil. Together with the Cold War, these issues aggravated the socio-political and economic conditions which eventually lead to explosive grain prices. CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES: CASE STUDIES Since the food crisis in the early 1970s, humanity has witnessed a variety of countries declaring food emergencies, such as famine. In the year 2006 alone, twenty-five of the thirty-nine serious food emergencies were caused by the aftermath of violent conflicts, natural hazards or, a combination of the two (Alinovi, 2007). Of these thirty-nine serious food traumas, several of these crises were on-going for years and, in some cases for decades (Alinovi, 2007). The intensity and severity of a nation’s political conflicts dictates the impact that that conflict has on the food security. In certain instances it is impossible for some developing nations to overcome such dismal conditions. Since 1986, at least five African countries have been in a constant state of food insecurity for fifteen years, or more. A country that best embodies this is Somalia. Recent occurrences in the Horn of Africa, where hundreds of thousands of people died due to starvation, have been well publicized an d are well-known by the general public. Without looking at the broader context, the mainstream media was quick to assert that the famine in Somalia was caused by severe drought. While it is correct that the region received the lowest rainfall that it had in sixty years, the famine was compounded by neglect. Two years prior to the famine, Islamist rebels prohibited most aid agencies from working in Somalia and the rebels only rescinded the ban when the food situation there was officially labeled a ‘famine’. Famines are declared when, a third of the child population is acutely malnourished and when two adults or four children per 10,000 people die of hunger each day (Chossudovsky, 2011). Before and during the famine in Somalia, the atmosphere was one of lawlessness, gang warfare and anarchy; all of which  contributed to the famine (Chossudovsky, 2011). It is noteworthy to mention that this was not the first time that conditions were severe in Somalia. In fact, in 1992 t housands of citizens starved to death and far-reaching famines prompted international intervention. When President Siad Barre was overthrown in 1991, Somalia effectively became a failed state and politically driven civil-wars led to impoverishment. United Nations peacekeeping forces were eventually pulled out of the country after two American Black Hawk helicopters were shot down in 1993. Another nation that exemplifies contemporary food insecurity is Sudan. In the case of Sudanese, the major catalyst for the crisis was the conflict between the central government and a rebel group, the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) (Alinovi, 2007). When a country endures a civil war, an extraordinary amount of stress is placed on the civilian population. Not only are hospitals, clinics, schools and agriculture services diminished, or closed altogether, trade links and communication networks are disrupted indefinitely (Dodge, 1990). The policies enacted by the Sudanese government are directly related to the level of food insecurity experienced in the country’s Nuba Mountains. The Unregistered Land Act of 1970 resulted in a grab for farming land and displaced peaceful Nuba villagers. In addition to disrupting the Nuba people’s agro-ecology, humanitarian aid in SPLA controlled areas was blocked (Pantuliano, 2007). These measures successfully disrupted the vil lager’s conventional farming systems in favour of large-scale mechanized corporate agriculture (Pantuliano, 2007). These two case studies are prime examples of nations that have suffered from food insecurity due to political conflicts, lawlessness and anarchy. It is clear that given the multidimensional nature of the problem, short-term humanitarian aid will not yield successful results. Consequently, a complex issue such as food insecurity requires multifaceted solutions. EXPLORING FOOD INSECURITY The causes of food insecurity are as unique as the countries that are impacted; therefore conceptualizing the issue requires that it be examined from varying angles. An inability to access adequate and nutritious food inevitably results in malnourishment. This section will examine whether  the Malthusian theory can assist in obtaining a greater understanding of the emergence and persistence of food insecurity. The Malthusian Theory of Population refers to works by Robert Malthus. Malthus’ theory relies on the premise that two fixed factors are the driving forces of human existence: food and passion between the sexes. Further, Malthus contends that unchecked populations grow exponentially, while food supplies increase arithmetically. These differing growth rates are what Malthus believed caused populations to grow faster than their food supply; according to him, this in turn causes food insecurity. Appendix A represents this concept visually. Malthus believed that when a high population is strained due to a lack of food, naturally occurring ‘preventive checks’ keep the population from getting out of control (Drysdale, 1878). Essentially he believed that food insecurity itself was caused these checks (Drysdale, 1878). There are however many critics of the Malthusian Theory. Ester Boserup believed that a small population actually restrains technological innovations and keeps agriculture at subsistence levels. Boserup asserts that major innovations in agriculture only occurred when food insecurity was a factor because it forced large populations to find any means of sustaining its populace. Julian Simon was equally as critical of Malthus and regarded people as resource creators rather than, resource destroyers. Simon believed that population growth has a positive, and not a negative impact on development. Both Boserup and Simon contend that the Malthusian Theory of Population fails to sufficiently explain the causes of food insecurity (Malthus ian Crisis, 2009). Critics go on to highlight another of Robert Malthus’s shortcomings; he did not take into account human ability to intentionally control birth rate. The Malthusian theory states that food insecurity results in population controls such as: food shortages, epidemics, pestilence and plagues. It is therefore possible for humans, given a lack of food, to simply decide to limit their reproduction. Malthusian theory also underestimates the possibility that food can increase at an exponential rate. Scientific advancements in the last few centuries have made the exponential growth of food production a reality (International Society, 2009). Neo-Malthusian theory, despite accepting human being’s ability to control fertility and therefore the population growth rate, still fails to account for the progress being made towards increasing global food supplies  (Acselrad, 2006). Many of the areas that experience food insecurity are in third world countries, which are characterized by very high birth rates. The concern now is to find out why food insecurity continues to exist. If Malthus’ theory has been disproven and there truly is enough food for everyone in the world it is extremely important, now more than ever, to examine other possible causes of continued international food imbalances. EXPLORING FOOD INSECURITY: THE ROLE OF CORPORATIONS While Malthus was correct in his emphasis on technology and the environmental burdens associated with food production, in relation to the effects of food insecurity, he could not have conceptualized the far-reaching impact of large multinational agribusiness corporations. Contemporary industrialized society’s agricultural economies are characterized by the commodification of food products, engineered from the farm to the dinner table (Drabenstott, 1995). This industrialized approach applies principals of economic efficiency to cultivation and, has resulted in a slippery slope of revenue prioritization achieved through the technological alteration of food itself. Biotechnology has enabled the food industry to increase crop yield and revenues through the isolation and incorporation of specific traits from other plants or animals, into food products (Drabenstott, 1995). While Genetically Modified Organisms or GMO foods superficially appear to be reducing shortages, and by extrapo lation food scarcity related deaths; environmental damage caused by intense corporate farming and the high toxicity of GMO foods, actually work to undermine the world’s food security. Intensive farming by agribusinesses degrades the soil and increases the industry’s reliance on chemicals. Fiscally sound, the application of pesticides during the food cultivation process produces greater yield and assures better storage and distribution of the product (Court, 2006). Generally applied aerially using helicopters or airplanes, herbicides such as Atrazine are estrogen disruptors and increase the risk of Parkinson’s disease (Aiyelaagbe, 2011). Herbicides often transported via surface runoff, leeches into the ground where it contaminates distant water sources and, can cause cancer after increased exposure (Aiyelaagbe, 2011). Toxins applied during production are inevitably transferred to the produce and have adverse effects on human populations worldwide. Genetically eng ineered or  modified foods have similar, unpublicized, adverse effect. Global leader in agribusiness ingenuity, Monsanto Corporation’s modified â€Å"Bt† corn was engineered with a bacteria bacillus thuringiensis. This bacterium produces the pesticide Bttoxin aimed at killing insects during production. Appendix B illustrates this process. Monsanto Corporation told the public that the Bttoxin was entirely safe because it would be completely destroyed in the human digestive system; however that was not a true statement. Studies have shown the pesticide to be present in the fetal blood of 80% of pregnant Canadian women tested (Smith, 2013). The full effects of the toxin are still unknown nevertheless preliminary research indicates that ‘Bt’ may cause deformities in unborn children (Smith, 2013). Without speaking to the morality of the subject, technological changes to alter the biological processes of plants and animals for the purposes of increasing crop yield, is actually counter-productive to the goal of sustaining life. Corpo rations such as Monsanto facilitate modern industrial society’s commodification of life sustaining nourishment. In short, the western corporatization of agriculture has left the world with a food system that no longer functions to provide safe, wholesome and nutritious food for all people. SOLUTIONS & CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity can be found in every corner of the globe and is usually caused by drought, famine, natural disasters, war, political instability, economic upheaval and most recently, global warming. Although developed and developing countries alike suffer from varying degrees of the problem, the former suffers less often than the latter. As is the case in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, USA; food insecurity can be a short-term problem, that if effectively tackled, can be rectified (Huffingtonpost, 2012). Food insecurity can also spiral into a long-term problem, as is the case in Sudan North Africa where political instability has fostered food insecurity in the region (Mensah, 2013). Food insecurity in most cases is caused by natural disasters (ie. earthquake in Haiti, tsunami in Thailand) where there is little or no warning. Natural disasters destroy infrastructure and food supplies; therefore it is a necessity that nations be ready in the event of any emergency. The first step to take when the problem of food insecurity arises is to evaluate local needs. Need is  determined by the causal factors of the crisis in a particular area. Conducting a comprehensive evaluation, by examining key data on local assets, resources and, livelihood strategies is key to minimizing damage. For example, response teams could be sent out to meet directly with community members to better understand local conditions and create a collaborative plan of action to end food insecurity. The solutions to food insecurity can be classified into two categories: short-term and long-term solutions. Short-term solutions usually precede long-term solutions; and are the first responses to emergency situations. Short-term strategies include the distribution of food, cash and other items to prevent food insecurity in smaller timeframe. An example of this can be observed among the poor in the United States on food stamps and as well as in Haiti. Haiti received food aid and cash gifts from organizations and people around the world after an earthquake struck the island nation. Haiti has had a long history of food insecurity, brought about by political instability and poor governance. Long-term solutions to food insecurity are devised with a more stable future in mind. Technological innovations have proven to be the main source of hope for future food security. Through technological innovation we can and have been able increase crop production to fight food insecurity and build stability internationally. Through sophisticated methods like genetic engineering, scientists have been able to modify the DNA of crops in order to increase agricultural output. ‘’An example [of this] can be observed in the case of an apple; ‘’an apple is about the size of a little pea, it started somewhere in Russia and it was inedible at the time of discovery. The domestication of the plant has resulted in twenty thousand different varieties of the fruit, all originated from one plant species (Despommier, n.d.). This report, above all things, demonstrates that augmented crop yield does absolutely nothing to increase marginalized people’s access to food. Technologically driven agriculture is unsustainable and damages poorer populationsâ€⠄¢ only tool of self-determinism: the land. Genetically modified foods and seeds contain diminished nutritional value and are toxic to human beings. Food insecurity in actuality, directly relates to socio-political issues that exacerbate the neo-liberal dilemma of unfair food distribution. Each country must therefore resist hegemonic policies and take their population’s survival into their own hands. This report  calls for return to subsistence farming. Importing food to meet domestic need, in constantly fluctuating and volatile markets, adds to the problem of unreliable food supplies. Neither entirely correct nor incorrect, Malthus had no way of accounting for globalizations’ impact on absolutely every facet of contemporary life. Unless the international community abandons â€Å"equality† in favor of equity, rampant food insecurity will continue. WORKS CITED Abandon the Cube (2011). Seven Billion†¦ and Counting. Abandon the Cube. Retrieved from http://www.abandonthecube.com/blog/tag/malthusian-crisis/. Acselrad, H. (2006). Neo-Malthusianism: A Narrow Theory Exceeds Its Carrying Capacity. Political Environments, (5). Action Against Hunger. Food Security & Livelihoods. Retrieved from http://www.actionagainsthunger.org/impact/food-security-livelihoods. Alinovi, L., Hemrich, G., & Russo, L. (2007). Addressing food insecurity in fragile states: case studies from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Somalia and Sudan (No. 07, p. 21). ESA Working Paper. Borras, S. M. (2008). Transnational agrarian movements confronting globalization. M. Edelman & C. Kay (Eds.). Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. Chossudovsky, M. (2011). Somalia: The Real Causes of Famine. Global Research, 4-17. Despommier, D.(n.d.). The Key to Population Growth and Food Production [Video File]. Retrieved from http://www.businessdictionary.com/videos/?294043623. Dodge, C. P. (1990). Health implications of war in Uganda and Sudan. Social Science & Medicine, 31(6), 691-698. Drabenstott, M. (1995). Agricultural industrialization: Implications for economic development and public policy. Journal of Agricultural and Applied economics, 27, 13-20. Drysdale, C. R. (1878). The population question according to T.R. Malthus and J.S. Mill. London: W. Bell. FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, for a world without hunger. Friedmann, H. (1982). The Political Economy of Food: The Rise and Fall of the Postwar. Hall, H. (2005). Bt Corn: Is It Worth the Risk?. The Science Creative Quarterly, Issue 2. Retrieved from http://www.scq.ubc.ca/bt-corn-is-it-worth-the-risk/. International Food Order. American Journal of Sociology, 88, 248-286. Friedmann, H. (1993).The Political Economy of Food: A Global Crisis. New Left Review, 197, 29-57. Friedmann, H. (2009). Feeding the empire: The pathologies of globalized agriculture. Socialist register, 41(41). Fulton, M. Food Security: What Does It Mean for Canadian Food and Agricultural Policy? April, 2012. Growing Our Future: Making Sense of National Food Strategies. Lecture conducted from University of Guelph’s Institute for the Advanced Study of Food and Agricultural Policy, Guelph, ON. Mensah, J. (2013). Malthusian theory of Population. Class Presentation. Lecture Conducted from York University, Toronto, ON. Pantuliano, S., Alinovi, L., Hemrich, G., & Russo, L. (2008). Responding to protracted crises: the principled model of NMPACT in Sudan. Beyond relief: food security in protracted crises, 25-63 Schanbacher, W. D. (2010). The politics of food: The global conflict between food security and food sovereignty. Westport, CT: Praeger Security International. Science Daily(2009). One Billion Hungry People: Multiple Causes of Food Insecurity Considered. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090625113857.htm Smith, J. M. (2011). GMO toxins in women and fetuses. Expanded Academic ASAP, 16, 1- 12. Timmer, C. P. (2010). Reflections on food crises past. Food policy, 35(1), 1-11. Young, L., Ram, R. S., & Cort, S. G. (1996). Industry Corner: The Pesticide

Attributes in Mathematics

In mathematics, the word attribute is used to describe a characteristic or feature of an object—usually within a pattern—that allows for grouping of it with other similar objects and is typically used to describe size, shape, or color of objects in a group. The term attribute is taught as early as kindergarten where children are often given a set of attribute blocks of differing colors, sizes, and shapes which the children are asked to sort according to a specific attribute, such as by size, color or shape, then asked to sort again by more than one attribute. In summary, the attribute in math is usually used to describe a geometric pattern  and is used generally throughout the course of mathematic study to define certain traits or characteristics of a group of objects in any given scenario, including the area and measurements of a square or the shape of a football. Common Attributes in Elementary Mathematics When students are introduced to mathematical attributes in kindergarten and first grade, they are primarily expected to understand the concept as it applies to physical objects and the basic physical descriptions of these objects, meaning that size, shape, and color are the most common attributes of early mathematics. Although these basic concepts are later expanded upon in higher mathematics, especially geometry and trigonometry, its important for young mathematicians to grasp the notion that objects can share similar traits and features that can help them sort large groups of objects into smaller, more manageable groupings of objects. Later, especially in higher mathematics, this same principle will be applied to calculating totals of quantifiable attributes between groups of objects like in the example below. Using Attributes to Compare and Group Objects Attributes are especially important in early childhood math lessons, where students must grasp a core understanding of how similar shapes and patterns can help group objects together, where they can then be counted and combined or divided equally into different groups. These core concepts are essential to understanding higher maths, especially in that they provide a basis for simplifying complex equations—from multiplication and division to algebraic and calculus formulas—by observing the patterns and similarities of attributes of particular groups of objects.   Say, for instance, a person had 10 rectangular flower planters that had each had attributes of 12 inches long by 10 inches wide and 5 inches deep. A person would be able to determine that combined surface area of the planters (the length times the width times the number of planters) would equal 600 square inches. On the other hand, if a person had 10 planters that were 12 inches by 10 inches and 20 planters that were 7 inches by 10 inches, the person would have to group the two different sizes of planters by these attributes in order to quickly determine how much surface area all the planters have between them. The formula, therefore, would read (10 X 12 inches X 10 inches) (20 X 7 inches X 10 inches) because the two groups total surface area must be calculated separately since their quantities and sizes differ.

Time Management Assessment And Concepts - 1107 Words

Time Management Norma Valdez-Rosa South University Online Time Management Time Management is a skill that is used to organize our time in order to accomplish the tasks at hand in an efficient and effective manner. Time management is a skill that is a very critical element for all nurses; it is about working smarter, not harder. Time management keeps us from wasting our time and being able to provide better care for our patients and help reduce stress. As nurses, being able to plan, organize, delegate and implement those plans at work will help us to be more effective with our time management (Said, 2014). Time Management Assessment and Concepts The Time Management Assessment questionnaire opened my eyes to my lack of time management skills. From this self-assessment, I gathered that goal setting and prioritization are my weakest areas and there is much need for improvement. Some tips on time management that I learned about in our textbook readings and will use to improve my skills include a) have a weekly calendar to help keep track of activities and obligations, b) get enough sleep, exercise and eat healthy, c) review future goals and obligations often, and d) schedule least liked tasks in between the liked tasks to work faster on the least liked tasks in order to get to the liked tasks (Time Management Assessment, n.d.). On a daily basis, nurses are faced with many different situations and no one particular leadership style is better thanShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement On Health Assessment Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pages(Health assessment). I wil be identifying 10 concepts fr om them and thoroughly scrutinize how they would apply to my personal life and other contextual settings such as social context, coupled with current related researches on these concept. However, their applications to my current work place (Havana specialist Hospital, Surulere, and Lagos, Nigeria) and their usefulness to the current world will also be discussed. The concepts are as follows: Communication in Health Assessment (Module1)Read MoreConcept Analysis : Walker And Avant1499 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many concepts in nursing theory that need further clarification. A concept analysis can provide a thorough explanation of a term in nursing theory that will help healthcare professionals better communicate. The Walker and Avant approach to perform a concept analysis was specifically formulated with nurses in mind (McEwen Wills, 2014). Walker and Avant proposed a concept analysis be used to further understand the meaning of a term or concept in anticipation that those using the term wouldRead More12 Angry Men925 Words   |  4 PagesMODULE TITLE: - STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT DATE ASSESSMENT SET AND LOADED ON TO STUDENT PORTAL:- 13th February 2013 DATE ASSESSMENT TO BE COMPLETED AND SUBMITTTED:- SUBMISSION METHOD/MODE:- Online via turnitin, in person Group Oral presentation ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assessment Type: An Individual Assignment and a Group presentation Individual Assignment Word limit -3000 words AssignmentRead More Theory of Acute Pain Management Essay1273 Words   |  6 PagesTheory of Acute Pain Management Marion Good, PhD, RN, has focused her study, â€Å"A Middle-Range Theory of Acute pain Management: Use in Research,† on complementary medicine for pain and stress, acute pain, and stress immunity. The purpose of this theory is to put into practice guidelines for pain management. Good, 1998, noted the need for a balance between medication usage and side effects of pain medications. The theory also promoted patient education related to pain management following surgery andRead MoreQuestions on Risk Management Controls Essay1162 Words   |  5 Pagesto COBIT P09 Risk Management Controls Learning Objectives and Outcomes Upon completing this lab, you will be able to: Define what COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and related Technology) P09 Risk Management is for an IT infrastructure Describe the 6 control objectives of COBIT P09 which are used as benchmarks for IT risk assessment and risk management Relate how threats and vulnerabilities align to the COBIT PO9 Risk Management definition for the assessment and management of IT risk Use theRead MoreFeasibility And Practicability Of Using Concept Mapping And Two Differential Weighting Approaches Within A System963 Words   |  4 Pagesthe feasibility and practicability of using concept mapping and two differential weighting approaches within a system for different types of knowledge assessment and the limitations of current computer-based assessment systems based on concept maps have been the motivating force for the researcher to conduct this study. The contribution of this study includes several aspects as follows. First, this developed knowledge assessment system based on concept maps incorporates the non-weighting approachRead MoreThe Middle Range Theory Of Acute Pain Management1249 Words   |  5 PagesThe middle range theories consist of two more concepts, and these concepts are concrete and operationally explained. The hypothesis from middle range theories is testable. These theories are specific to the problem (McEwen, . Wills, 2014). The middle range theory of Acute Pain Management by Good and Moore established in1996 used in the management of acute and chronic pain. Marion Good is working as an Associate Professor of Nursing at, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. She conductedRead MoreResistance to Change in the Workplace1154 Words   |  5 Pagesoccurs everywhere though many people are generally reluctant to embrace the concept. One of the major reasons for difficulties in accepting or embracing change is that humans are creatures of habit and adhere to daily routines. Consequently, when change occurs, people’s activities and thought patterns are interrupted. While understanding and coping with change is an important part of daily life, embracing the concept is relatively a difficult process for many people. Actually, this process isRead MoreInformation Security Is A Key Component And Main Concern Of Information Technology999 Words   |  4 Pagescommunications skills to effectively communicate with management and customers; †¢ Have the ability to clearly articulate complex concepts both written and verbally; †¢ Have the ability, understanding, and usage of active listening skills especially with customers; †¢ Be able to understand architecture, administration, and management of operating systems, networking, and virtualization software; †¢ Have general programming/software development concepts and software analytical skills; †¢ Be able to understandingRead MoreOrganizational Project Management1193 Words   |  5 PagesContents Acknowledgement 1 1. Introduction 3 2. Organizational project management 4 3. OPM3 Model 5 3.1. Primary physical parts of the standard 5 3.2. OPM3 Stages 6 4. How does the OPM3 work? 7 5. Benefits of OPM3 to the organization 8 6. What kind of commitment is required to launch OPM3 in an organization? 8 7. Importance of OPM3 to the project management profession 9 8. Summary 10 9. References 11 1. Introduction Successful implementation of a new organizational

Physics The Science Of Swimming - 1442 Words

Physics in Swimming (The science of swimming. (n.d.). Retrieved November 4, 2015.) The definition of swimming can be defined as moving your body through the water. Also swimming is a sport or activity of propelling oneself through the water using the limbs. Some say humans have evolved from sea creatures, but looking at our bodies no one would never know. Humans are actually less well suited to moving through water. Also we humans don t float too well, can t breathe for longer beneath the surface because we breathe air, and rapidly get tired as we thrash through the waves. One big advantage humans do have is we know about sometimes about science. We have studied how forces work and how to use them to our advantage. You should think of†¦show more content†¦When you re in the water, gravity is much less important because your buoyancy largely cancels it out. The main force you have to think about as a swimmer drags water resistance. We ll come to that in a moment. Another difference between water and air is that if you swim outdoors, particularly in the wint er month, the water is much more dense than air and it removes heat from your body about 25–40 times faster than air at the same temperature. Because the water of density, it takes a long time to warm up. If you love science, but swimming scares you, you ll find it very helpful as I did when I was learning to swim to think about Newton s three laws of motion. Among the most fundamental rules of physics, these three basic principles are enough to explain completely the movement of almost every single object you re ever likely to come across. Newton’s Laws of Motion corresponds with swimming. The first law outlines the concept of inertia. It says that things stay still or move steadily, unless some kind of a force is applied. The second and third laws are also of more interest. The second law explains the connection between force and acceleration. If you push or pull something, it starts moving or goes faster. The more force you apply, the more acceleration you get; the longer you apply the force, the bigger the change in momentum you can achieve. Where swimming is concerned, the third law is perhaps the most

Harrison Act 1914 free essay sample

The first international initiative to control drugs was the 1909 Shanghai Opium Commission which brought the community together in order to deter the illicit drug trafficking of opium. The Commission later met at conferences in the Netherlands in 1911 and 1913, promoting legislation that would aid them in handling the narcotics problem in their own country. During this same time period, the United States started to take notice in the favor of prohibition of all â€Å"moral evils,† particularly drugs and alcohol. New York Representative Francis B. Harrison was particularly moved by both the Shanghai Commission and the reformists in the Progressive movement who wanted to eradicate drugs, he proposed a two measure system to prohibit the introduction and nonmedical use of drugs as well as regulate the production of drugs in the United States. This became known as the Harrison Narcotics Act of 1914. The provisions of the Harrison Act imposed licensing requirements on those who manufactured, distributed, sold, imported, produced, compounded and dispensed narcotic drugs. We will write a custom essay sample on Harrison Act 1914 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These parties must register with the director of the Internal Revenue Service within the Treasury Department and pay an occupational tax, which increased gradually. It was a way for Congress to monitor the solicitation of opium and coca leaves so they could have records of transactions involving these drugs. They were only allowed for medical and scientific use. Those who were in violation of this act, would face a maximum penalty of five years in jail, a $2,000 fine, or both. The Harrison Act intended to create income by enforcing taxes involving the sale, trade and distribution of drugs. Congress put this responsibility on the Treasury Department in particular the IRS and the Narcotics Unit of the Bureau of Prohibition. The Treasury made attempts to limit narcotics for medicinal and scientific uses by physicians and druggists. The Act required physicians and pharmacists to pay close attention to prescriptions and determine if there was any suspicious activity about the drug (i. e. unusual large quantities). Sales and transfers of drugs could only be made through order forms attained from the IRS director. Any records obtained during this time were kept and maintained for two years, with a few exceptions to filing these forms. The Harrison Act was interpreted by the Treasury Department to mean prohibiting drugs to known addicts. Addicts were turned away from registering and could only receive narcotics through licensed doctors, dentists or veterinarians. The regulations also prohibited doctors from keeping a patient-addict on drugs, a practice used often to help addicts avoid severe withdrawals while they were weaned from drug dependence. The department also interpreted the Act to mean possession of narcotics to be prima facie (at first glance), shifting the burden of proof to the suspect, who had documentation that the drugs were obtained legally. The Treasury Department typically enforced the act through warnings, although they charged physicians and druggists with conspiracy when law enforcement arrested an addict who obtained narcotics illegally and a connection was made to prove the physician or druggist provided the narcotics. According the Harrison Act, physicians could prescribe drugs in the course of their professional practice. However, the police and judiciary interpreted the law too broadly resulting in the arrest, prosecution and imprisonment of physicians under the Harrison Act. Health professionals began to refuse to work with substance users, giving them no other choice to either stop using the drug or obtain it illegally through an illicit drug market. A committee was later formed in 1918 to discuss the impact of the Harrison Act. They determined that opium and other narcotics had over a million followers and the reason behind it was due to a lack in implementation, which later called for stricter application. An increase in organized crime made drugs profitable. Another consequence was the basic eradication of opium smuggling due to its bulk but an increase in heroin smuggling due to the fact is a more concentrated opiate and also less bulky. The Harrison Act clearly created more problems than it solved. It failed to do away with the problem of narcotics mostly because it failed to prohibit the sale and distribution of marijuana. It also didn’t resolve the issue of whether addicts should be treated as criminals or patients requiring medical treatment. The Act also hindered the Treasury Department’s authority, specifically from seizing narcotics and instead interpreting the act to mean to collect revenue as a penal measure. After the Act was passed, narcotics increased as a result of this exclusion. Nevertheless, the Harrison Act is important because it brought the dangers of narcotics and drug use to national awareness. The act also paved the way for more legislation such as the 1970 Controlled Substance Act, which attempted to deal with the illegal sale, distribution and consumption of drugs and other easily abused substances while still ensuring their use for medical purposes.

Teaching Assistant Assignment free essay sample

There are five broad social and emotional aspects of learning: Self awareness which enables pupils to have some kind of understanding of themselves to understand what there thinking and feeling. It helps them to feel good in things they do, it helps them to know its ok to have feelings, but not to behave anyway they feel like it. When it comes to managing there feelings they use a wide range of strategies to recognise them and accept them. They will be able to stop and think before acting, they can calm thereself down when they choose too also and understand that there feelings can change how other people feel emotionally. Motivation it enables pupils to be enthusiastic and active in learning, it enables them to make there own goals and be able to work towards them. When a pupil is motivated they can set thereself a challenge, they will also bounce back after disappointment or where mistakes have been made. We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching Assistant Assignment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Empathy enables a child to recognise feelings of others, to value and respect other peoples thoughts and feelings. To allow them to be supportive to others and offer help if needed. Social skills enable pupils to be a active part in groups, communicate, negotiate and support the learning of others. Social skills enable the pupil to know how to be friendly, to be assertive when needed and to be able to work well in a group and understand what helps that group work well together. 2) Describe 5 appropriate methods that help pupils recognise and express emotions. Five appropriate methods that help pupils recognise and express there emotions are: To use a positive approach Use active methods Use whole class meetings and circle time Use co-operation group work and peer education Ensure learning opportunities are participative, experimental and empowering. 3) Discuss how you would encourage co-operation when working within a group of pupils. I would encourage co-operation when working within a group of pupils by balancing the needs of an individual against those in the rest of the group. Id be completely fair about the amount of time i give to each group member. The pupils can demonstrate interest in the group through their body language, attentiveness and the use of language, understanding that the group has its own ways of working is vital in helping the group work well together. There should be information, advice opportunities provided for the group to enable them to establish group rules. The pupils should be encouraged to take responsibility for the way in which they operate and take responsibility for their own interactions and social organisation. Myself as a teaching assistant should monitor and evaluate the group and provide information, advice and encouragement as appropriate to sustain group effectiveness. 4) How might the teaching assistant help to meet the requirements of the school health, hygiene and medical policies and procedures. As a teaching assistant i will be required to comply with school policy and procedures relating to health, hygiene and medical matters. It is necessary for myself to fully understand the contents of the policies and know what their roles and responsibilities are. I should be fully aware of the sources of medical and health care, how these can be accessed and who is qualified to deal with different needs. When providing advice to pupils to develop basic personal hygiene skills, i should consider the variations in family and cultural backgrounds. I should report any problems to the teacher. There must be written records of all medicines administered to pupils. Children should never be forced to take medications. However, if this does ever arise this should be noted on there records. All medicines should be stored in strict accordance with the product instructions in there original packaging and clearly labelled and in a secure place, not accessible to children. 5) List possible signs of neglect, physical, emotional and sexual abuse and briefly outline how a teaching assistant may deal with a suspicion or disclosure of abuse. The possible signs of neglect, physical, emotional and sexual abuse are: Physical abuse which can include cuts, fractures, burns and scalds, bruises, scratchs and bite marks. Emotional abuse which can include poor self esteem, wetting or soiling themselves, aggression, failure to thrive, inresponsiveness and communication problems Sexual abuse can include sudden or unexpected changes to there behaviour, stained underwear, bruising on there chest, inner thighs or buttocks, bed wetting and eatting disorders. Other behaviour that may indicate sexual abuse is fear of a certain person or people. Neglect can include being dirty and smelly, a large appetite, low weight and also inappropriate dress such as wrong foot wear or clothing e. g in the winter. Many of the signs dont necessarily mean a child is neglected. If i was to recognise a sign or indicator of abuse i would need to know what steps to take if a pupil was to come to myself. I shouldnt let the child think they have beem ignored i should offer comfort and reassurance, showing them i have taken what has been said seriously. I should let them know i am there to help them and i can be trusted. I must stay calm and keep any emotions under control. Once the pupil has finished telling me, i should contact my supervisor and inform them of what i have been told. It is important to make notes, careful not to change anything and it is appropriatly followed up.